Synergistic Action and Enhanced Therapeutic Properties of rGO-ZnO Nanocomposites using Ixora coccinea and Prosopis juliflora
Abstract
Metal based nanoparticles have been extensively researched for their distinctive characteristics. Among them, Zinc oxide nanoparticles have numerous applications in biomedicine. Green synthesis of Zinc oxide nanoparticles uses phytoextract of Ixora coccinea flowers, replacing harmful chemical reducing agents. Agricultural waste of Setaria italica rich in cellulose is used for graphene oxide synthesis, reducing environmental and human health impacts. Improved Hummer's method was used to synthesize graphene oxide to reduced graphene oxide. Green nanotechnology converts graphene oxide to reduced graphene oxide using phytoextract of ®. Reduced graphene oxide and zinc oxide (rGO – ZnO) nanocomposites are synthesized using a simple magnetic stirring method to obtain enhanced capabilities and synergistic action, which showed a high zinc content with a good loading rate of ZnO on the rGO’s surface. The prepared ZnO and rGO-ZnO nanocomposite were characterized by UV, XRD, FTIR, SEM, and EDS. The XRD pattern substantiated the crystal structure of ZnO and the formation of rGO – ZnO nanocomposite. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of functional groups with their vibrational modes. The SEM images demonstrate the embellishment of ZnO nanoparticles on the rGO sheets. Anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-biofilm, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory activity were checked. The results revealed good antioxidant activity at 100 µg/ml, and outstanding antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis) with increasing concentrations. Moreover, the synthesized nanocomposite exhibited potential suppression of biofilm in E. coli and B. subtilis at lower concentrations. The anti–inflammatory and anti-diabetic assay results demonstrated consistent action at 100 μg/ml. Biocompatibility properties were confirmed that good anti-coagulation abilities and reduced hemolysis of 0.5%. Our research is distinctive as rGO – ZnO nanocomposite is formulated using green nanotechnology with phytoextracts of I. coccinea and P. juliflora
Keywords:
agro-waste, reduced graphene oxide, green method, biochemical studies
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References
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Arivoli, A. C., Kuppusamy Ravichandran, P., Sivalingam Valliappan, M., & Kandhasamy, S. (2025). Synergistic Action and Enhanced Therapeutic Properties of rGO-ZnO Nanocomposites using Ixora coccinea and Prosopis juliflora. International Journal of Advancement in Life Sciences Research, 8(4), 55-71. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31632/ijalsr.2025.v08i04.005
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