Analysis of Fiber Content and Antioxidant Activity of Bamboo Shoots (Dendrocalamus asper) to Support Functional Foods
Abstract
The purpose of food consumption extends beyond meeting the body's nutritional requirements, increasingly emphasizing the potential of food as a form of medicine or health enhancer. Functional foods, which can be integrated into daily menus without specific dosage requirements, present a favorable nutritional option. In the archipelagic region of Southeast Sulawesi, characterized by extensive forests, bamboo shoots thrive abundantly. Consequently, the local community in this area has acknowledged and incorporated bamboo shoots as a dietary component. This study aims to explore the content of bamboo shoots and analyze protein, carbohydrate, and fiber levels. The research employs various methods, including phytochemical screening, alkaloid testing, flavonoid testing, saponin, tannin, triterpenoid, and steroid assessments, as well as content analysis, proximate analysis, carbohydrate analysis, and fiber level analysis. The study outcomes reveal the presence of alkaloids and flavonoids in bamboo shoots, with protein levels at 2.6 g/100 g, carbohydrate levels at 4.10 g/100 g, and fiber levels at 2.40 g/100 g. It can be concluded that bamboo shoots have important secondary metabolites, namely flavonoids and alkaloids, which may have health benefits such as being anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and inhibitory of allergies.
Keywords:
Bamboo shoots, arbohydrates, protein
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References
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Choudhury, D., Sahu, J. K., & Sharma, G. D. (2010). Biochemistry of bitterness in bamboo shoots. Assam University Journal of Science and Technology, 6(2),105-111.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228363342
Dangin, M., Boirie, Y., Garcia-Rodenas, C., Gachon, P., Fauquant, J., Callier, P., Ballevre, O., & Beaufrere, B. (2001). The digestion rate of protein is an independent regulating factor of postprandial protein retention. American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism, 280(2), E340–E348. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.2001.280.2.E340
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Gaikwad, H. R., Divate, M. M., Chaudhari, R. V., Patil, S. R., & Mali, S. S. (2019). Nutritional and Health Benefits of Bamboo Shoots: A Review. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 8(3), 2863-2868.
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Helmalia, A. W., Putrid, P., & Dirpan, A. (2019). Potensi rempah-rempah tradisional sebagai sumber antioksidan alami untuk bahan baku pangan fungsional):(The potential of traditional spices as a source of natural antioxidants for functional food raw materials). Canrea Journal, 26-31. https://doi.org/10.20956/canrea.v2i1.113
Irawan MA. (2007). Body energy metabolism and exercise. Sport Science Brief. 01(07), 1-9.
Lu, B., Xia, D., Huang, W., Wu, X., Zhang, Y., & Yao, Y. (2010). Hypolipidemic effect of bamboo shoot oil (P. pubescens) in Sprague–Dawley rats. Journal of Food Science, 75(6), H205-H211. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2010.01716.x
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Marpaung, M. P., & Romelan, R. (2019). Analisis jenis dan kadar saponin ekstrak metanol daun kemangi (ocimum basilicum l.) Dengan menggunakan metode gravimetric, Jurnal Farmasi Lampung, 7(2), 343448. https://doi.org/10.37090/jfl.v7i2.57
Molyneux, P. (2004). The use of the stable free radical diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) for estimating antioxidant activity. Songklanakarin J. sci. technol, 26(2), 211-219.
Ningrum, R., Purwanti, E., & Sukarsono, S. (2016). Alkaloid compound identification of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa stem as biology instructional material for senior high school X grade. JPBI (Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Indonesia), 2(3), 231-236. https://doi.org/10.22219/jpbi.v2i3.3863
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Nisah, K., Afkar, M., & Sa'diah, H. (2019). Analisis kadar protein pada tepung jagung, tepung ubi kayu dan tepung labu kuning dengan metode Kjedhal. Amina, 1(3), 108-113. https://doi.org/10.22373/amina.v1i3.46
Nongdam, P., & Tikendra, L. (2014). The nutritional facts of bamboo shoots and their usage as important traditional foods of northeast India. International scholarly research notices, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/679073
Pandey, A. K., & Ojha, V. (2013). Standardization of harvesting age of bamboo shoots with respect to nutritional and anti-nutritional components. Journal of Forestry Research, 24, 83-90. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-012-0317-6
Puspitasari, R. (2014). The Effect of Work Motivation and Job Training on Employee Performance at the Primary Tax Service Office. Thesis Faculty of Economics, Yogyakarta State University. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/33512706.pdf
Rachmadi, A. T. (2011). Utilization of Bamboo Shoot Fermentation for Food Supplements and Fiber Flour. Journal of Forest Products Industry Research, 3(1), 37-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24111/jrihh.v3i1.1187
Santoso, A. (2011). Dietary fiber and its benefits for health Dietary fiber and its benefits for health. Magistra, 23(75), 35-40.
Sari, K., Advinda, L., Anhar, A., & Chatri, M. (2022). Potential Of Red Shoot Leaf Extract (Syzygium oleina) as An Antifungi Against The Growth of Sclerotium rolfsii in vitro. Jurnal Serambi Biologi, 7(2), 163-168. Retrieved from https://serambibiologi.ppj.unp.ac.id/index.php/srmb/article/view/116
Sariningrum E., Irdawati. (2009). Hubungan Tingkat Pendidikan, Sikap Dan Pengetahuan Orang Tua Tentang Kebersihan Gigi Dan Mulut Pada Anak Balita 3-5 Tahun Dengan Tingkat Kejadian Karies Di Paud Jatipurno. Berita Ilmu Keperawatan. 2(3):119124. https://publikasiilmiah.ums.ac.id/bitstream/handle/11617/2376/KARIES%20GIGI%20PADA%20ANAK.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Singh, P., Rathore, M., & Prakash, H. G. (2021). The nutritional facts of bamboo shoots have a potential and prospects for utilization as a health food: a review. Asian Journal of Dairy and Food Research, 40(4), 388-397. http://dx.doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.DR-1586
Soraya, M. N. (2013). Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan tentang Anemia pada Ibu Hamil dengan Kepatuhan dalam Mengkonsumsi Tablet Besi (Fe) di Puskesmas Keling II Kabupaten Jepara Tahun 2013. http://repository.uinjkt.ac.id/dspace/handle/123456789/26380
Sujarwanta, A., & Zen, S. (2020). Identifikasi jenis dan potensi bambu (bambusasp.) Sebagai senyawa antimalaria, Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi, 11(2), 131-151. http://dx.doi.org/10.24127/bioedukasi.v11i2.3423
Swarnalatha, S., Kumar, P., & Sudha, S. (2016). Proximate Composition and Anti-Nutritional Factors in Different Morphological Parts of Fresh Bamboo Shoots. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 53(4), 2020–2027. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-015-2128-3
Violita, L., Purba, R., Emilia, E., Damanik, M., & Juliarti, J. (2021). Organoleptic Test and Analysis of Nutritional Content of Cookies Substituted with Avocado Seed Flour. Journal of Nutrition and Culinary, 1(2), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.22373/kenanga.v2i1
Wink, M. (2008). Ecological roles of alkaloids. Modern alkaloids, 3-52. https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527621071
Cejpek, A. (2007). Determination of Saccharides (Schoorl Method). Laboratory course in Analysis of Food and Natural Products. ICT Prague. 1-4
Chongtham, N., Bisht, M. S., & Haorongbam, S. (2011). Nutritional properties of bamboo shoots: potential and prospects for utilization as a health food. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 10(3), 153-168. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-4337.2011.00147.x
Choudhury, D., Sahu, J. K., & Sharma, G. D. (2010). Biochemistry of bitterness in bamboo shoots. Assam University Journal of Science and Technology, 6(2),105-111.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228363342
Dangin, M., Boirie, Y., Garcia-Rodenas, C., Gachon, P., Fauquant, J., Callier, P., Ballevre, O., & Beaufrere, B. (2001). The digestion rate of protein is an independent regulating factor of postprandial protein retention. American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism, 280(2), E340–E348. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.2001.280.2.E340
Darma, W., & Marpaung, M. P. (2020). Gravimetric analysis of types and levels of saponins in yellow root extract (Fibraurea chloroleuca Miers). Dalton: Journal of Chemical Education and Chemical Science, 3(1). http://dx.doi.org/10.31602/dl.v3i1.3109
Falcone Ferreyra, M. L., Rius, S. P., & Casati, P. (2012). Flavonoids: biosynthesis, biological functions, and biotechnological applications. Frontiers in plant science, 3, 222. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2012.00222
Gaikwad, H. R., Divate, M. M., Chaudhari, R. V., Patil, S. R., & Mali, S. S. (2019). Nutritional and Health Benefits of Bamboo Shoots: A Review. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 8(3), 2863-2868.
Galanakis, Charis M. (2021) Functionality of food components and emerging technologies. Foods 10(1)128. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10010128
Gusmiarni, A. N., & Des, M. (2021). Antifungal Effectiveness of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit Leaf Extract against Fusarium oxysporum Colonies. In Proceedings of the National Seminar on Biology Antifungal Effectiveness of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit Leaf Extract against Fusarium oxysporum Colonies. In Proceedings of the National Seminar on Biology, 1(2), 1619-1624.
Helmalia, A. W., Putrid, P., & Dirpan, A. (2019). Potensi rempah-rempah tradisional sebagai sumber antioksidan alami untuk bahan baku pangan fungsional):(The potential of traditional spices as a source of natural antioxidants for functional food raw materials). Canrea Journal, 26-31. https://doi.org/10.20956/canrea.v2i1.113
Irawan MA. (2007). Body energy metabolism and exercise. Sport Science Brief. 01(07), 1-9.
Lu, B., Xia, D., Huang, W., Wu, X., Zhang, Y., & Yao, Y. (2010). Hypolipidemic effect of bamboo shoot oil (P. pubescens) in Sprague–Dawley rats. Journal of Food Science, 75(6), H205-H211. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2010.01716.x
Marlett, J. A., & Navis, D. (1988). Comparison of gravimetric and chemical analyses of total dietary fiber in human foods. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 36(2), 311-315.https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00080a018
Marpaung, M. P., & Romelan, R. (2019). Analisis jenis dan kadar saponin ekstrak metanol daun kemangi (ocimum basilicum l.) Dengan menggunakan metode gravimetric, Jurnal Farmasi Lampung, 7(2), 343448. https://doi.org/10.37090/jfl.v7i2.57
Molyneux, P. (2004). The use of the stable free radical diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) for estimating antioxidant activity. Songklanakarin J. sci. technol, 26(2), 211-219.
Ningrum, R., Purwanti, E., & Sukarsono, S. (2016). Alkaloid compound identification of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa stem as biology instructional material for senior high school X grade. JPBI (Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Indonesia), 2(3), 231-236. https://doi.org/10.22219/jpbi.v2i3.3863
Nirmala, C., Bisht, M. S., & Laishram, M. (2014). Bioactive compounds in bamboo shoots: health benefits and prospects for developing functional foods. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 49(6), 1425-1431.https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.12470
Nisah, K., Afkar, M., & Sa'diah, H. (2019). Analisis kadar protein pada tepung jagung, tepung ubi kayu dan tepung labu kuning dengan metode Kjedhal. Amina, 1(3), 108-113. https://doi.org/10.22373/amina.v1i3.46
Nongdam, P., & Tikendra, L. (2014). The nutritional facts of bamboo shoots and their usage as important traditional foods of northeast India. International scholarly research notices, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/679073
Pandey, A. K., & Ojha, V. (2013). Standardization of harvesting age of bamboo shoots with respect to nutritional and anti-nutritional components. Journal of Forestry Research, 24, 83-90. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-012-0317-6
Puspitasari, R. (2014). The Effect of Work Motivation and Job Training on Employee Performance at the Primary Tax Service Office. Thesis Faculty of Economics, Yogyakarta State University. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/33512706.pdf
Rachmadi, A. T. (2011). Utilization of Bamboo Shoot Fermentation for Food Supplements and Fiber Flour. Journal of Forest Products Industry Research, 3(1), 37-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24111/jrihh.v3i1.1187
Santoso, A. (2011). Dietary fiber and its benefits for health Dietary fiber and its benefits for health. Magistra, 23(75), 35-40.
Sari, K., Advinda, L., Anhar, A., & Chatri, M. (2022). Potential Of Red Shoot Leaf Extract (Syzygium oleina) as An Antifungi Against The Growth of Sclerotium rolfsii in vitro. Jurnal Serambi Biologi, 7(2), 163-168. Retrieved from https://serambibiologi.ppj.unp.ac.id/index.php/srmb/article/view/116
Sariningrum E., Irdawati. (2009). Hubungan Tingkat Pendidikan, Sikap Dan Pengetahuan Orang Tua Tentang Kebersihan Gigi Dan Mulut Pada Anak Balita 3-5 Tahun Dengan Tingkat Kejadian Karies Di Paud Jatipurno. Berita Ilmu Keperawatan. 2(3):119124. https://publikasiilmiah.ums.ac.id/bitstream/handle/11617/2376/KARIES%20GIGI%20PADA%20ANAK.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Singh, P., Rathore, M., & Prakash, H. G. (2021). The nutritional facts of bamboo shoots have a potential and prospects for utilization as a health food: a review. Asian Journal of Dairy and Food Research, 40(4), 388-397. http://dx.doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.DR-1586
Soraya, M. N. (2013). Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan tentang Anemia pada Ibu Hamil dengan Kepatuhan dalam Mengkonsumsi Tablet Besi (Fe) di Puskesmas Keling II Kabupaten Jepara Tahun 2013. http://repository.uinjkt.ac.id/dspace/handle/123456789/26380
Sujarwanta, A., & Zen, S. (2020). Identifikasi jenis dan potensi bambu (bambusasp.) Sebagai senyawa antimalaria, Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi, 11(2), 131-151. http://dx.doi.org/10.24127/bioedukasi.v11i2.3423
Swarnalatha, S., Kumar, P., & Sudha, S. (2016). Proximate Composition and Anti-Nutritional Factors in Different Morphological Parts of Fresh Bamboo Shoots. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 53(4), 2020–2027. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-015-2128-3
Violita, L., Purba, R., Emilia, E., Damanik, M., & Juliarti, J. (2021). Organoleptic Test and Analysis of Nutritional Content of Cookies Substituted with Avocado Seed Flour. Journal of Nutrition and Culinary, 1(2), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.22373/kenanga.v2i1
Wink, M. (2008). Ecological roles of alkaloids. Modern alkaloids, 3-52. https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527621071
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How to Cite
Nurlila, R., Fua, J., Andriani, R., ., A., Saranani, S. and Rahmawati, A. (2024) “Analysis of Fiber Content and Antioxidant Activity of Bamboo Shoots (Dendrocalamus asper) to Support Functional Foods”, International Journal of Advancement in Life Sciences Research, 7(2), pp. 92-103. doi: https://doi.org/10.31632/ijalsr.2024.v07i02.007.
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Research Articles
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