On-Farm Evaluation of Genotype by Environment Interaction on Egg Production Traits of Exotic Chicken at Selected Zones of Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Genotype by Environment Interaction
Abstract
The current study was conducted in the Awi and West Gojam zones of the Amhara region with the main objective of evaluating genotype by environment interaction on egg production traits of exotic chicken. The districts of Banja and Fageta Lekuma from Awi and South Achefer district from West Gojam zone were selected purposively. Age at first egg, egg laid/week/hen and egg weight data were obtained from the ACGG project. Factorial analysis of variance using R software was used. Based on these study results, G*E interaction revealed a significant effect on average egg number per week per hen and age at first egg, whereas it was non-significant on hen day egg production (HDEP) and egg weight traits. All breeds scored a statistically similar number of eggs/week/hen within all districts during the 20-72 week egg laying period. The highest and lowest total collected eggs per year were observed by Koekoek (215) in South Acheferand by Kuroilor (133) in Fagta Lekoma district, respectively. Sasso laid the first egg earlier in Banja. In comparison to the other chicken breeds, Kuroiler and S-RIR in Fagta Lekoma and Koekoek in South Achefer district laid the first egg earlier. All breeds scored a higher %HDEP in Banja than in Fagta Lekoma during 20-72 weeks. At this age, all breeds except Koekoek exhibited higher egg weight in Fagta Lekoma than in Banja. Overall, the current study found that Koekoek was more productive and should be used for egg production to increase chicken production potential at scavenging with little supplementation in a small-holder production system.
Keywords:
Chickens, Eggs, Environment, Exotic, and Genotype
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References
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Avery, A. (2004). Red meat and poultry production and consumption in Ethiopia and distribution in Addis Ababa (Doctoral dissertation, International Livestock Research Institute). https://hdl.handle.net/10568/35617
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Biratu, K., & Haile, S. (2016). Demonstration and Performance Evaluation of “Potchefstroom Koekoek” Chicken Package at Jimma Zone, South Western Ethiopia. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Health care, 6(15), 2224-3208..
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Dessie, T., & Getachew, F. (2016). The Potchefstroom koekoek breed. African Chicken Genetic Gains Factsheet.
Dessie, T., & Ogle, B. (2001). Village poultry production systems in the central highlands of Ethiopia. Tropical Animal health and production, 33(6), 521-537. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1012740832558
Falconer, D.S. 1952.The problem of environment and selection. American Naturalist.,86:293-298. https://doi.org/10.1086/281736
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Geleta, T., Leta, S., & Bekana, E. (2013). Production performance of Fayoumi chickens under intensive management condition of Adami Tulu research center. International journal of Livestock production, 4(10), 172-176. https://doi.org/10.5897/IJLP2013.0169
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Lemlem, A., & Tesfay, Y. (2010). Performance of exotic and indigenous poultry breeds managed by smallholder farmers in northern Ethiopia. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 22(7), 133. http://www.lrrd.org/.../leml22133.htm
Melesse, A., & Negesse, T. (2011). Phenotypic and morphological characterization of indigenous chicken populations in southern region of Ethiopia. Animal Genetic Resources/Resources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales, 49, 19-31. https://doi.org/10.1017/S2078633611000099
Melesse, A., Maak, S., Schmidt, R., & Von Lengerken, G. (2011). Effect of long-term heat stress on some performance traits and plasma enzyme activities in Naked-neck chickens and their F1 crosses with commercial layer breeds. Livestock science, 141(2-3), 227-231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2011.06.007
Moges, F., Mellesse, A., & Dessie, T. (2010). Assessment of village chicken production system and evaluation of the productive and reproductive performance of local chicken ecotype in Bure district, North West Ethiopia. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 5(13), 1739-1748.https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR09.690
Mohamed, A., Hailemariam, S., Gebremedhin, G., & Gebeyew, K. (2016). Challenges and opportunities of small scale poultry production system in Jigjiga Zone, Somali regional state, Ethiopia. Pou. Fish Wildl. Sci, 4(1), 144. DOI:10.4172/2375-446X.1000144
Mulder, H. A., & Bijma, P. (2005). Effects of genotype× environment interaction on genetic gain in breeding programs. Journal of animal science, 83(1), 49-61. https://doi.org/10.2527/2005.83149x
Nauta, W. J. (2009). Selective Breeding in Organic Dairy Production [thesis]. Wageningen, the Netherlands: Wageningen University.
Prabakaran, R. (2003). Good practices in planning and management of integrated commercial poultry production in South Asia.
SDARDO (South Achefer district Agricultural and rural development office).2017 Annual report.
Svobodová, J., Tůmová, E., & Englmaierová, M. (2014). The effect of housing system on egg quality of Lohmann white and Czech hen. Acta fytotechnica et zootechnica, 17(2), 44-46. DOI: 10.15414/afz.2014.17.02.44–46
Tadelle, D., Alemu, Y., & Peters, K. J. (2000). Indigenous chickens in Ethiopia: genetic potential and attempts at improvement. World's Poultry Science Journal, 56(1), 45-54. https://doi.org/10.1079/WPS20000005
Tadesse, D. T. (2012). Management practices, productive performances and egg quality traits of exotic chickens under village production system in east Shewa, Ethiopia (Doctoral dissertation, Addis Ababa University).
Tadesse, D., Esatu, W., Girma, M., & Dessie, T. (2015). Comparative study on some egg quality traits of exotic chickens in different production systems in East Shewa, Ethiopia. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(9), 1016-1021. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2014.9373
Terefe, C. (2018). On-station and on- farm evaluation of three dual purpose exotic chicken strains in Homa district of West Wollega zone, Ethiopia. (M.Sc. Thesis presented to College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine). Department of Animal Science, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Udo, H. M. J., Asgedom, A. H., & Viets, T. C. (2006). Modelling the impact of interventions on the dynamics in village poultry systems. Agricultural Systems, 88(2-3), 255-269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2005.04.001
Williams, J. L., Łukaszewicz, M., Bertrand, J. K., & Misztal, I. (2012). Genotype by region and season interactions on weaning weight in United States Angus cattle. Journal of animal science, 90(10), 3368-3374. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2011-4276
Wondmeneh Esatu, E.H.Van der Waaij, H.M.J.Udo, TadelleDessie and J.A.M.VanArendonk. 2016. Comparison of different poultry breeds under on-station and on-farm conditions in Ethiopia. Journal of Livestock Science, 183: 72-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2015.11.019
Zewdu, S., Kassa, B., Agza, B., & Alemu, F. (2013). Village chicken production systems in Metekel zone, Northwest Ethiopia. Wudpecker Journal of Agricultural Research, 2(9), 256-262.
Alem, T. (2014). Production and reproduction performance of rural poultry in lowland and midland agro-ecological zones of central Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 9(49), 3531-3539. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2013.7351
Assefa, S., Melesse, A., & Banerjee, S. (2018). Egg production and linear body measurement traits of local and three exotic chicken genotypes reared under two agroecological zones. International Journal of Ecology and Ecosolution, 5(2), 18-23.
Avery, A. (2004). Red meat and poultry production and consumption in Ethiopia and distribution in Addis Ababa (Doctoral dissertation, International Livestock Research Institute). https://hdl.handle.net/10568/35617
BDARO (Banga District Agricultural and Rural Development Office).(2017) Annual report.
Biratu, K., & Haile, S. (2016). Demonstration and Performance Evaluation of “Potchefstroom Koekoek” Chicken Package at Jimma Zone, South Western Ethiopia. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Health care, 6(15), 2224-3208..
Dessie, T. (2018). Progress narrative: African Chicken Genetic Gains program.
Dessie, T., & Getachew, F. (2016). The Potchefstroom koekoek breed. African Chicken Genetic Gains Factsheet.
Dessie, T., & Ogle, B. (2001). Village poultry production systems in the central highlands of Ethiopia. Tropical Animal health and production, 33(6), 521-537. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1012740832558
Falconer, D.S. 1952.The problem of environment and selection. American Naturalist.,86:293-298. https://doi.org/10.1086/281736
FDARDO (FagtaLekoma district Agricultural and rural development office).2017 Annual report.
Fekede, G., Tadesse, Y., Esatu, W., & Dessie, T. (2021). On-farm comparative production and reproduction performance evaluation of Sasso, Sasso-RIR, Koekoek and Improved Local chicken breeds in Bako Tibe and Dano districts of western Oromia, Ethiopia. Livestock Research for Rural Development.
Geleta, T., Leta, S., & Bekana, E. (2013). Production performance of Fayoumi chickens under intensive management condition of Adami Tulu research center. International journal of Livestock production, 4(10), 172-176. https://doi.org/10.5897/IJLP2013.0169
Getu, A., Alemayehu, K., & Wuletaw, Z. (2014). Phenotypic characterization of indigenous chicken ecotypes in the north Gondar zone, Ethiopia. Animal Genetic Resources/Resources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales, 54, 43-51. https://doi.org/10.1017/S2078633614000113
HabtieArega. 2018. Characterization of chicken production system and on-farm evaluation of introduced exotic chicken breeds in Gondar Zuria and Kalu districts of Amhara region, Ethiopia.M.Sc. Thesis Presented to Collage of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, School of Animal and Range Sciences, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia.
IBRAHIM YIMER, D. A. W. U. D. (2019). Comparative study of production and reproductive performance of parent stock and commercial layer chickens under different management conditions in Ethiopia (Doctoral dissertation, ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY). URI: http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/18748
Ibrahim, D., Esatu, W., Amare, A., Adamu, M., & Habte, T. (2011). Enhancing the genetic basis of the commercial layer industry through introduction and evaluation of parent stock, Lohmann Silver. In Proc. 9th Annual Conf. ESAP. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Ethiopian Society of Animal Production, December (Vol. 15).
Kassa, B., Tadesse, Y., Esatu, W., & Dessie, T. (2021). On-farm comparative evaluation of production performance of tropically adapted exotic chicken breeds in western Amhara, Ethiopia. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 30(4), 100194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japr.2021.100194
Kejela, Y., Banerjee, S., & Taye, M. (2019). Some internal and external egg quality characteristics of local and exotic chickens reared in Yirgalem and Hawassa towns, Ethiopia. International Journal of Livestock Production, 10(5), 135-142. https://doi.org/10.5897/IJLP2018.0547
Khan, M. K. I., Khatun, M. J., Bhuiyan, M. S. A., & Sharmin, R. (2006). Production performance of Fayoumi chicken under intensive management. Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 9(2), 179-181. DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2006.179.181
Lemlem, A., & Tesfay, Y. (2010). Performance of exotic and indigenous poultry breeds managed by smallholder farmers in northern Ethiopia. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 22(7), 133. http://www.lrrd.org/.../leml22133.htm
Melesse, A., & Negesse, T. (2011). Phenotypic and morphological characterization of indigenous chicken populations in southern region of Ethiopia. Animal Genetic Resources/Resources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales, 49, 19-31. https://doi.org/10.1017/S2078633611000099
Melesse, A., Maak, S., Schmidt, R., & Von Lengerken, G. (2011). Effect of long-term heat stress on some performance traits and plasma enzyme activities in Naked-neck chickens and their F1 crosses with commercial layer breeds. Livestock science, 141(2-3), 227-231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2011.06.007
Moges, F., Mellesse, A., & Dessie, T. (2010). Assessment of village chicken production system and evaluation of the productive and reproductive performance of local chicken ecotype in Bure district, North West Ethiopia. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 5(13), 1739-1748.https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR09.690
Mohamed, A., Hailemariam, S., Gebremedhin, G., & Gebeyew, K. (2016). Challenges and opportunities of small scale poultry production system in Jigjiga Zone, Somali regional state, Ethiopia. Pou. Fish Wildl. Sci, 4(1), 144. DOI:10.4172/2375-446X.1000144
Mulder, H. A., & Bijma, P. (2005). Effects of genotype× environment interaction on genetic gain in breeding programs. Journal of animal science, 83(1), 49-61. https://doi.org/10.2527/2005.83149x
Nauta, W. J. (2009). Selective Breeding in Organic Dairy Production [thesis]. Wageningen, the Netherlands: Wageningen University.
Prabakaran, R. (2003). Good practices in planning and management of integrated commercial poultry production in South Asia.
SDARDO (South Achefer district Agricultural and rural development office).2017 Annual report.
Svobodová, J., Tůmová, E., & Englmaierová, M. (2014). The effect of housing system on egg quality of Lohmann white and Czech hen. Acta fytotechnica et zootechnica, 17(2), 44-46. DOI: 10.15414/afz.2014.17.02.44–46
Tadelle, D., Alemu, Y., & Peters, K. J. (2000). Indigenous chickens in Ethiopia: genetic potential and attempts at improvement. World's Poultry Science Journal, 56(1), 45-54. https://doi.org/10.1079/WPS20000005
Tadesse, D. T. (2012). Management practices, productive performances and egg quality traits of exotic chickens under village production system in east Shewa, Ethiopia (Doctoral dissertation, Addis Ababa University).
Tadesse, D., Esatu, W., Girma, M., & Dessie, T. (2015). Comparative study on some egg quality traits of exotic chickens in different production systems in East Shewa, Ethiopia. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(9), 1016-1021. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2014.9373
Terefe, C. (2018). On-station and on- farm evaluation of three dual purpose exotic chicken strains in Homa district of West Wollega zone, Ethiopia. (M.Sc. Thesis presented to College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine). Department of Animal Science, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Udo, H. M. J., Asgedom, A. H., & Viets, T. C. (2006). Modelling the impact of interventions on the dynamics in village poultry systems. Agricultural Systems, 88(2-3), 255-269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2005.04.001
Williams, J. L., Łukaszewicz, M., Bertrand, J. K., & Misztal, I. (2012). Genotype by region and season interactions on weaning weight in United States Angus cattle. Journal of animal science, 90(10), 3368-3374. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2011-4276
Wondmeneh Esatu, E.H.Van der Waaij, H.M.J.Udo, TadelleDessie and J.A.M.VanArendonk. 2016. Comparison of different poultry breeds under on-station and on-farm conditions in Ethiopia. Journal of Livestock Science, 183: 72-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2015.11.019
Zewdu, S., Kassa, B., Agza, B., & Alemu, F. (2013). Village chicken production systems in Metekel zone, Northwest Ethiopia. Wudpecker Journal of Agricultural Research, 2(9), 256-262.
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Bekele, A., Tadesse, Y., Dessie, T., Esatu, W., & Werku, S. (2022). On-Farm Evaluation of Genotype by Environment Interaction on Egg Production Traits of Exotic Chicken at Selected Zones of Amhara Region, Ethiopia. International Journal of Advancement in Life Sciences Research, 5(3), 29-40. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31632/ijalsr.2022.v05i03.004
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