Effectiveness of Olive Oil with Virgin Coconut Oil on Pruritus Grade Scores Among Hemodialysis Patients
Abstract
Hemodialysis is an action taken to treat various problems caused by Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Pruritus is a complication that often occurs due to hemodialysis, can cause injury to the skin, and interfere with patient comfort. Emollients are recommended to treat pruritus, where Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) and Olive Oil (OO) are effective emollients to treat pruritus because they are easy to obtain, natural, and without side effects. The purpose of this study was to assess differences in the effectiveness of reducing pruritus grade scores in hemodialysis patients using VCO and OO. This study used a quasi-experiment with two groups pre-post test design. Samples were taken using the purposive sampling technique involving 72 patients undergoing hemodialysis which were divided into two groups (VCO and OO). The instrument used the score of the degree of pruritus and the data were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney test. The results of the study obtained a p-value of 0.008 (<0.05) which means that there is a difference in the effectiveness of giving VCO with OO on the score of the degree of pruritus in patients, VCO is more effective in reducing the score of the degree of pruritus in patients. So that the use of VCO can be used as an alternative nurse intervention in the treatment of pruritus in hemodialysis patients.
Keywords:
Chronic Kidney Disease, Hemodialysis, Olive Oil, Pruritus, Virgin Coconut Oil
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References
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Bianti, M. (2016). Kulit Kering pada Usia Lanjut. Cermin Dunia Kedokteran, 43(10), 737-740.
Duo, L. J. (1987). Electrical needle therapy of uremic pruritus. Nephron, 47(3), 179-183.
Fauziah, N., & Soelistyowati, E. (2018). Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Terjadinya Pruritus pada Klien Gagal Ginjal Kronik yang Menjalani Hemodialisis di Rumah Sakit Islam Jemursari Surabaya. Jurnal Keperawatan, Vol. XI No, 111–118.
Harlim, A., & Yogyartono, P. (2012). Uremic Pruritus in Chronic Kidney Disease. Majalah Kedokteran FK UKI, XXVIII(2), 100–111.
Hayati, K., Mutiara, H. S., Agustina, D., Manalu, T. A., & Sitepu, K. (2020). Pengaruh Minyak Zaitun (Olive Oil) Terhadap Kerusakan Integritas Kulit Pada Pasien Dm Tipe Ii Di Kecamatan Pagar Merbau. Jurnal Keperawatan Dan Fisioterapi (Jkf), 3(1), 6–12. https://doi.org/10.35451/jkf.v3i1.455
Juwita, L., Febrita, L., & Putri, Y. R. (2017). Efektivitas Latihan Fisik Intra Dialisis Terhadap Kadar Kreatinin Pasien Hemodialisa. Journal Human Care, 1(1).
Karagounis, T. K., Gittler, J. K., Rotemberg, V., & Morel, K. D. (2019). Use of “natural” oils for moisturization: Review of olive, coconut, and sunflower seed oil. Pediatric Dermatology, 36(1), 9–15. https://doi.org/10.1111/pde.13621
Kimata, N., Fuller, D. S., Saito, A., Akizawa, T., Fukuhara, S., Pisoni, R. L., Robinson, B. M., & Akiba, T. (2014). Pruritus in hemodialysis patients: Results from the Japanese Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (JDOPPS). Hemodialysis International, 18(3), 657–667. https://doi.org/10.1111/hdi.12158
Lin, T. C., Lai, Y. H., Guo, S. E., Liu, C. F., Tsai, J. C., Guo, H. R., & Hsu, H. T. (2012). Baby oil therapy for uremic pruritus in haemodialysis patients. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 21(1–2), 139–148. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03906.x
Lin, T. K., Zhong, L., & Santiago, J. L. (2018). Anti-inflammatory and skin barrier repair effects of topical application of some plant oils. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19010070
Melastuti, Erna & Setyaningrum, D. A. (2016). Effectiveness of providing Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) towards pruritus reduction: Study on patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis. The Proceeding of the 7th International Nursing Conference Faculty of Nursing Universitas Airlangga, 281–285.
Mettang, T., Fritz, P., Weber, J., Machleidt, C., Hübel, E., & Kuhlmann, U. (1990). Uremic pruritus in patients on hemodialysis or continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The role of plasma histamine and skin mast cells. Clinical nephrology, 34(3), 136-141.
Hiroshige, K., Kabashima, N., Takasugi, M., & Kuroiwa, A. (1995). Optimal dialysis improves uremic pruritus. American journal of kidney diseases, 25(3), 413-419.
Meliza, S. C., Ritarwa, K., & Sitohang, N. A. (2020). The Prevention of Ulcers Decubitus with Mobilization and The Usage of Olive Oil on Stroke Patients. Elkawnie, 6(2), 189. https://doi.org/10.22373/ekw.v6i2.6925
Nadarajah, S., Astri, I., & Yahya, Y. F. (2018). Hubungan Karakteristik Klinis Dan Keparahan Pruritus Uremik Pada Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik Yang Mendapat Hemodialisis. Majalah Kedokteran Sriwijaya, 50(3), 140-145.
Noor, N. M., Aziz, A. A., Sarmidi, M. R., & Aziz, R. (2013). The effect of virgin coconut oil loaded solid lipid particles (VCO-SLPs) on skin hydration and skin elasticity. Jurnal Teknologi (Sciences and Engineering), 62(1), 39–43. https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v62.1248
Ozen, N., Cinar, F. I., Askin, D., & Mut, D. (2018). Uremic pruritus and associated factors in hemodialysis patients: A multi-center study. Kidney Research and Clinical Practice, 37(2), 138–147. https://doi.org/10.23876/j.krcp.2018.37.2.138
Pardede, S. O. (2016). Pruritus Uremik. Sari Pediatri, 11(5), 348-54. https://doi.org/10.14238/sp11.5.2010.348-54
Raiesifar, Z., Tahery, N., Shirzadegan, R., Baraz, S., Darabiyan, P., & Raiesifar, A. (2019). Assessment of Skin Manifestations in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis in Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Abadan and Vali-e-Asr Hospital of Khorramshahr. Jundishapur Journal of Chronic Disease Care, 8(1). :e83381. doi: 10.5812/jjcdc.83381.
Rehman, I. U., Munib, S., Ramadas, A., & Khan, T. M. (2018). Prevalence of chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus, and association with sleep quality among hemodialysis patients in Pakistan. PLoS ONE, 13(11), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0207758
Roswati, E. (2013). Pruritus pada Pasien Hemodialisis. Cdk, 40(4), 260–264.
Mondal, S. C., Singh, P., Kumar, B., Singh, S. K., Gupta, S. K., & Verma, A. (2014). Ageing and potential anti-aging phytochemicals: an overview. World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4(1), 426-454.
Saputra, L., Gita, F. A. R. I. S. Z. A., & Dewi, R. S. (2017). Effect of 12.5% virgin coconut oil (cocos nucifera) mouthwash on plaque index of fixed prosthetic denture users. Int. J. Appl. Pharm, 9, 41-44.
Saodah, S., Budi Putra, I., & Trisa S, C. (2020). The Effect of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) with Lotion On The Skin Moisture among Uremic Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis in Hospital Binjai City, Indonesia. International Journal of Nursing and Health Services (IJNHS), 3(5), 560–568. https://doi.org/10.35654/ijnhs.v3i5.319
Saran, R., Robinson, B., Abbott, K. C., Agodoa, L. Y. C., Albertus, P., Ayanian, J., Balkrishnan, R., Bragg-Gresham, J., Cao, J., Chen, J. L. T., Cope, E., Dharmarajan, S., Dietrich, X., Eckard, A., Eggers, P. W., Gaber, C., Gillen, D., Gipson, D., Gu, H., … Shahinian, V. (2017). US Renal Data System 2016 Annual Data Report: Epidemiology of Kidney Disease in the United States. American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 69(3), A7–A8. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2016.12.004
Sarastika, Y., Kisan, K., Mendrofa, O., & Siahaan, J. V. (2019). Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kualitas Hidup Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik (Ggk) Yang Menjalani Terapi Hemodialisa Di Rsu Royal Prima Medan. Jurnal Riset Hesti Medan Akper Kesdam I/BB Medan, 4(1), 53. https://doi.org/10.34008/jurhesti.v4i1.93
Sebayang, S. M., & Sembiring, E. (2020). Efektivitas Pemberian Minyak Zaitun Terhadap Ruam Popok Pada Balita Usia 0-36 Bulan. Indonesian Trust Health Journal, 3(1), 258–264. https://doi.org/10.37104/ithj.v3i1.44
Shirazian, S., Aina, O., Park, Y., Chowdhury, N., Leger, K., Hou, L., Miyawaki, N., & Mathur, V. S. (2017). Chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus: Impact on quality of life and current management challenges. International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease, 10, 11–26. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJNRD.S108045
Simonsen, E., Komenda, P., Lerner, B., Askin, N., Bohm, C., Shaw, J., Tangri, N., & Rigatto, C. (2017). Treatment of Uremic Pruritus: A Systematic Review. American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 70(5), 638–655. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2017.05.018
Takahashi, N., Yoshizawa, T., & Tsuchiya, S. (2018). Current Status and Treatment Strategies of Hemodialysis-Associated Pruritus. Contributions to Nephrology, 196, 88–95. https://doi.org/10.1159/000485705
Varma, S. R., Sivaprakasam, T. O., Arumugam, I., Dilip, N., Raghuraman, M., Pavan, K. B., Rafiq, M., & Paramesh, R. (2019). In vitro anti-inflammatory and skin protective properties of Virgin coconut oil. Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, 9(1), 5–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2017.06.012
Verduzco, H. A., & Shirazian, S. (2020). CKD-Associated Pruritus: New Insights Into Diagnosis, Pathogenesis, and Management. Kidney International Reports, 5(9), 1387–1402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ekir.2020.04.027
Wahyuni, A., Lawati, U. Z., & Gusti, E. (2019). Korelasi Lama Menjalani Hemodialisa Dengan Pruritus Pada Pasien Hemodialisa. Jurnal Endurance, 4(1), 117. https://doi.org/10.22216/jen.v4i1.3845.
Asri, N. F. S & Zuryati, M. (2018). Pengaruh Pemberian Terapi VCO (Virgin Coconut Oil) terhadap Pruritus pada Klien Gagal Ginjal Kronik dengan Hemodialisis di RSIJ Cempaka Putih Tahun 2018. Academia Edu, 1- 14.
Bianti, M. (2016). Kulit Kering pada Usia Lanjut. Cermin Dunia Kedokteran, 43(10), 737-740.
Duo, L. J. (1987). Electrical needle therapy of uremic pruritus. Nephron, 47(3), 179-183.
Fauziah, N., & Soelistyowati, E. (2018). Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Terjadinya Pruritus pada Klien Gagal Ginjal Kronik yang Menjalani Hemodialisis di Rumah Sakit Islam Jemursari Surabaya. Jurnal Keperawatan, Vol. XI No, 111–118.
Harlim, A., & Yogyartono, P. (2012). Uremic Pruritus in Chronic Kidney Disease. Majalah Kedokteran FK UKI, XXVIII(2), 100–111.
Hayati, K., Mutiara, H. S., Agustina, D., Manalu, T. A., & Sitepu, K. (2020). Pengaruh Minyak Zaitun (Olive Oil) Terhadap Kerusakan Integritas Kulit Pada Pasien Dm Tipe Ii Di Kecamatan Pagar Merbau. Jurnal Keperawatan Dan Fisioterapi (Jkf), 3(1), 6–12. https://doi.org/10.35451/jkf.v3i1.455
Juwita, L., Febrita, L., & Putri, Y. R. (2017). Efektivitas Latihan Fisik Intra Dialisis Terhadap Kadar Kreatinin Pasien Hemodialisa. Journal Human Care, 1(1).
Karagounis, T. K., Gittler, J. K., Rotemberg, V., & Morel, K. D. (2019). Use of “natural” oils for moisturization: Review of olive, coconut, and sunflower seed oil. Pediatric Dermatology, 36(1), 9–15. https://doi.org/10.1111/pde.13621
Kimata, N., Fuller, D. S., Saito, A., Akizawa, T., Fukuhara, S., Pisoni, R. L., Robinson, B. M., & Akiba, T. (2014). Pruritus in hemodialysis patients: Results from the Japanese Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (JDOPPS). Hemodialysis International, 18(3), 657–667. https://doi.org/10.1111/hdi.12158
Lin, T. C., Lai, Y. H., Guo, S. E., Liu, C. F., Tsai, J. C., Guo, H. R., & Hsu, H. T. (2012). Baby oil therapy for uremic pruritus in haemodialysis patients. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 21(1–2), 139–148. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03906.x
Lin, T. K., Zhong, L., & Santiago, J. L. (2018). Anti-inflammatory and skin barrier repair effects of topical application of some plant oils. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19010070
Melastuti, Erna & Setyaningrum, D. A. (2016). Effectiveness of providing Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) towards pruritus reduction: Study on patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis. The Proceeding of the 7th International Nursing Conference Faculty of Nursing Universitas Airlangga, 281–285.
Mettang, T., Fritz, P., Weber, J., Machleidt, C., Hübel, E., & Kuhlmann, U. (1990). Uremic pruritus in patients on hemodialysis or continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The role of plasma histamine and skin mast cells. Clinical nephrology, 34(3), 136-141.
Hiroshige, K., Kabashima, N., Takasugi, M., & Kuroiwa, A. (1995). Optimal dialysis improves uremic pruritus. American journal of kidney diseases, 25(3), 413-419.
Meliza, S. C., Ritarwa, K., & Sitohang, N. A. (2020). The Prevention of Ulcers Decubitus with Mobilization and The Usage of Olive Oil on Stroke Patients. Elkawnie, 6(2), 189. https://doi.org/10.22373/ekw.v6i2.6925
Nadarajah, S., Astri, I., & Yahya, Y. F. (2018). Hubungan Karakteristik Klinis Dan Keparahan Pruritus Uremik Pada Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik Yang Mendapat Hemodialisis. Majalah Kedokteran Sriwijaya, 50(3), 140-145.
Noor, N. M., Aziz, A. A., Sarmidi, M. R., & Aziz, R. (2013). The effect of virgin coconut oil loaded solid lipid particles (VCO-SLPs) on skin hydration and skin elasticity. Jurnal Teknologi (Sciences and Engineering), 62(1), 39–43. https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v62.1248
Ozen, N., Cinar, F. I., Askin, D., & Mut, D. (2018). Uremic pruritus and associated factors in hemodialysis patients: A multi-center study. Kidney Research and Clinical Practice, 37(2), 138–147. https://doi.org/10.23876/j.krcp.2018.37.2.138
Pardede, S. O. (2016). Pruritus Uremik. Sari Pediatri, 11(5), 348-54. https://doi.org/10.14238/sp11.5.2010.348-54
Raiesifar, Z., Tahery, N., Shirzadegan, R., Baraz, S., Darabiyan, P., & Raiesifar, A. (2019). Assessment of Skin Manifestations in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis in Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Abadan and Vali-e-Asr Hospital of Khorramshahr. Jundishapur Journal of Chronic Disease Care, 8(1). :e83381. doi: 10.5812/jjcdc.83381.
Rehman, I. U., Munib, S., Ramadas, A., & Khan, T. M. (2018). Prevalence of chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus, and association with sleep quality among hemodialysis patients in Pakistan. PLoS ONE, 13(11), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0207758
Roswati, E. (2013). Pruritus pada Pasien Hemodialisis. Cdk, 40(4), 260–264.
Mondal, S. C., Singh, P., Kumar, B., Singh, S. K., Gupta, S. K., & Verma, A. (2014). Ageing and potential anti-aging phytochemicals: an overview. World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4(1), 426-454.
Saputra, L., Gita, F. A. R. I. S. Z. A., & Dewi, R. S. (2017). Effect of 12.5% virgin coconut oil (cocos nucifera) mouthwash on plaque index of fixed prosthetic denture users. Int. J. Appl. Pharm, 9, 41-44.
Saodah, S., Budi Putra, I., & Trisa S, C. (2020). The Effect of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) with Lotion On The Skin Moisture among Uremic Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis in Hospital Binjai City, Indonesia. International Journal of Nursing and Health Services (IJNHS), 3(5), 560–568. https://doi.org/10.35654/ijnhs.v3i5.319
Saran, R., Robinson, B., Abbott, K. C., Agodoa, L. Y. C., Albertus, P., Ayanian, J., Balkrishnan, R., Bragg-Gresham, J., Cao, J., Chen, J. L. T., Cope, E., Dharmarajan, S., Dietrich, X., Eckard, A., Eggers, P. W., Gaber, C., Gillen, D., Gipson, D., Gu, H., … Shahinian, V. (2017). US Renal Data System 2016 Annual Data Report: Epidemiology of Kidney Disease in the United States. American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 69(3), A7–A8. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2016.12.004
Sarastika, Y., Kisan, K., Mendrofa, O., & Siahaan, J. V. (2019). Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kualitas Hidup Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik (Ggk) Yang Menjalani Terapi Hemodialisa Di Rsu Royal Prima Medan. Jurnal Riset Hesti Medan Akper Kesdam I/BB Medan, 4(1), 53. https://doi.org/10.34008/jurhesti.v4i1.93
Sebayang, S. M., & Sembiring, E. (2020). Efektivitas Pemberian Minyak Zaitun Terhadap Ruam Popok Pada Balita Usia 0-36 Bulan. Indonesian Trust Health Journal, 3(1), 258–264. https://doi.org/10.37104/ithj.v3i1.44
Shirazian, S., Aina, O., Park, Y., Chowdhury, N., Leger, K., Hou, L., Miyawaki, N., & Mathur, V. S. (2017). Chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus: Impact on quality of life and current management challenges. International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease, 10, 11–26. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJNRD.S108045
Simonsen, E., Komenda, P., Lerner, B., Askin, N., Bohm, C., Shaw, J., Tangri, N., & Rigatto, C. (2017). Treatment of Uremic Pruritus: A Systematic Review. American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 70(5), 638–655. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2017.05.018
Takahashi, N., Yoshizawa, T., & Tsuchiya, S. (2018). Current Status and Treatment Strategies of Hemodialysis-Associated Pruritus. Contributions to Nephrology, 196, 88–95. https://doi.org/10.1159/000485705
Varma, S. R., Sivaprakasam, T. O., Arumugam, I., Dilip, N., Raghuraman, M., Pavan, K. B., Rafiq, M., & Paramesh, R. (2019). In vitro anti-inflammatory and skin protective properties of Virgin coconut oil. Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, 9(1), 5–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2017.06.012
Verduzco, H. A., & Shirazian, S. (2020). CKD-Associated Pruritus: New Insights Into Diagnosis, Pathogenesis, and Management. Kidney International Reports, 5(9), 1387–1402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ekir.2020.04.027
Wahyuni, A., Lawati, U. Z., & Gusti, E. (2019). Korelasi Lama Menjalani Hemodialisa Dengan Pruritus Pada Pasien Hemodialisa. Jurnal Endurance, 4(1), 117. https://doi.org/10.22216/jen.v4i1.3845.
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How to Cite
Muliani, R., Vitniawati, V., & Rakhman, D. (2021). Effectiveness of Olive Oil with Virgin Coconut Oil on Pruritus Grade Scores Among Hemodialysis Patients. International Journal of Advancement in Life Sciences Research, 4(4), 25-33. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31632/ijalsr.2021.v04i04.004
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Research Articles
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