Influence of Oral Microbiome on Human Health: an Overview
Abstract
The human microbiome can be considered a counterpart of the human genome. The genes in our microbiome outnumber the genes in the human genome by about 100 to 1Advances in DNA sequencing technologies have created a new field of research, called metagenomics. . Microbiome projects worldwide have been launched with the goal of understanding the roles that these symbionts play and their impacts on human health. The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies and their applications on human populations have led to the identification of a large catalog of rare and common variants. The Human Microbiome Project (HMP) has analysed the largest cohort and set of distinct, clinically relevant body habitats so far. The richest area in terms of total numbers of microbes in the body is the human gut. The relationship between the oral microbiome and its host is dynamic. The oral microbiome is also considered a key cause of oral diseases, including dental caries and periodontal diseases, as well as many systemic diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases and disorders like Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Metagenomics and metabolomics based reserach is providing a multidimensional picture of the microbiome community, revealing its genetic potential and metabolic activities. In this paper an overview is given on metagenomics and the human oral microbiome.
Downloads
References
Bäckhed F, et al.(2005). Host-Bacterial Mutualism in the Human Intestine.Science.307 (5717),pp.1915-1920.
Barouki Robert., et al.(2012). “Developmental Origins of Non-Communicable Disease: Implications for Research and Public Health”. Environmental Health.11,pp.42.
Costello E K,Lauber C L,Hamady Met al.(2009).Bacterial community variation in human body habitats across space and time.Science;326: 1694–1697.
Dewhirst FE, Chen T, Izard J, Paster BJ, Tanner AC, Yu WH, Lakshmanan A, Wade WG. (2010). The human oral microbiome.J Bacteriol.192 (19),pp.5002–5017.
Ebrahim Shah & Liam Smeeth. (2006). “Non-Communicable Diseases in Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries: a Debate?” International Journal of Epidemiology.35(2),pp.494-495.
Felice, V.D., Quigley, E.M., Sullivan, A.M., O’Keeffe, G.W.,O’Mahony, S.M. (2016). Microbiota-Gut-Brain signalling in Parkinson’s disease: Implications for Non-Motor Symptoms. Parkinsonism Relat.Disord. 27, pp.1–8.
Gevers,D., Pop,M., Schloss,P.D., Huttenhower, C.(2012).Bioinformatics for the Human Microbiome Project.PLoS Comput Biol.8,e1002779.
Gillings,M.R.,Paulsen,I.T.,Tetu,S.G.(2015).Ecology and evolution of the human microbiota: Fire, farming and antibiotics.Genes(Basel).6,pp.841–857.
Goulet, O. (2015). Potential role of the intestinal microbiota in programming health and disease. Nutr Rev.73 (Suppl.1),pp.32–40.
He,J., Li,Y., Cao,Y., Xue,J., Zhou,X.(2015). The oral microbiome diversity and its relation to human diseases.Folia Microbiol (Praha).60,pp.69–80.
Hicks,S.D.,Uhlig,R.,Afshari,P.,Williams,J.,Chroneos,M., Tierney-Aves,C.,Wagner,K.,Middleton,F.A. (2018). Oral microbiome activity in children with autism spectrum disorder. Autism Research.11 (9),pp.1286-1299.
Holmes,E., Li,J.V.,Athanasiou,T., Ashrafian,H., Nicholson,J.K. (2011). Understanding the role of gut microbiome-host metabolic signal disruption in health and disease.Trends Microbiol.19(7),pp.349–359.
The Human Microbiome Project Consortium. (2012).Structure, function and diversity of the healthy human microbiome. Nature.486,pp.207–214.
Huse,S.M., Ye,Y., Zhou,Y., Fodor,A.A.(2012). A core human microbiome as viewed through 16S rRNA sequences clusters.PLoS One.7:e34242.
Kolenbrander,P.E., Andersen,R.N., Blehert,D.S.et al. (2002). Communication among Oral Bacteria.Microbiol Mol Biol Rev.66,pp.486–505.
De et.al. Int JAdv Life Sci Res. Volume 2(1)16-2121
Lederberg J. (2000).Infectious history. Science.288,pp.287–293.
Li,K., Bihan,M., Methé,B.A.(2013). Analyses of the stability and core taxonomic memberships of the human microbiome.PLoS One.8,e63139.
Li,Y.H. &Tian,X.(2012). Quorum sensing and bacterial social interactions in biofilms. Sensors(Basel).12,pp.2519–2538.
Mackie,R.I., Sghir,A., Gaskins,H.R. (1999). Developmental microbial ecology of the neonatal gastrointestinal tract.Am J Clin Nutr.69,pp.1035S–1045S.
Marsh,P.D., Head,D.A., Devine, D.A.(2015). Ecological approaches to oral biofilms: control without killing. Caries Res.49(Suppl 1),pp.46–54.
Marcel van de Wouw, Schellekens,H.,Timothy,G.Dinan, Cryan,J.F.(2017). Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis: Modulator of Host Metabolism and Appetite, The Journal of Nutrition.147,(5), pp.727–745.
Marchesi, J.R., Adams, D.H., Fava, F., Hermes, G.D., Hirschfield, G.M., Hold, G., Quraishi, M.N., Kinross, J., Smidt, H., Tuohy, K.M.et al. (2016). The gut microbiota and host health: a new clinical frontier.Gut.65,pp.330–9.
Nicholson,J.K. (2006). Global systems biology, personalized medicine and molecular epidemiology.Mol Syst Biol.2,pp.52.
Nicholson,J.K., Holmes,E., Wilson,I.D. (2005). Gut microorganisms, mammalian metabolism and personalized health care.Nat Rev Microbiol.3,pp.431–438.
Palmer,C., Bik,E.M., DiGiulio,D.B., Relman,D.A., Brown,P.O. (2007). Development of the human infant intestinal microbiota.PLoS Biol.5,pp.e177.
Peterson,J., Garges,S., Giovanni,M., McInnes,P., Wang,L., Schloss,J.A., Bonazzi,V., McEwen,J.E., Wetterstrand,K.A., Deal,C., et al. (2009).The NIH Human Microbiome Project.Genome Research.19,pp.2317–2323.
Prescott, Susan, L. (2014). “Disease Prevention in the Age of Convergence -the Need for a Wider, Long Ranging and Collaborative Vision”. Allergology International,63(1),pp.11-20.
Qin,J., Li,R., Raes,J., Arumugam,M., Burgdorf,K.S., et al.(2010).A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing. Nature.464,pp.59–65.
Quigley, E.M.M. (2017). Microbiota-Brain-Gut Axis and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Curr. Neurol. Neurosci. Rep.17, pp.94.
Relman, David A. (2012).The human microbiome: ecosystem resilience and health. Nutr Rev. 70(Suppl 1),pp.S2–S9.
Relman, D.A. (2011). Microbial genomics and infectious diseases. N Engl J Med.365(4),pp.347–357.
Reshef,D.N., Reshef,Y.A., Finucane,H.K., et al.(2011). Detecting novel associations in large data sets.Science. 334(6062),pp.1518–1524.
Segata,N., Haake,S.K., Mannon,P., et al. (2012). Composition of the adult digestive tract bacterial microbiome based on seven mouth surfaces, tonsils, throat and stool samples.Genome Biol.13,R42.doi: 10.1186/gb-2012-13-6-r42.
Shukla,S.K., et al. (2015). “Personalized Medicine Going Precise: from Genomics to Microbiomics”. Trends in Molecular Medicine.21(8),pp.461-462.
Tennessen,J.A.et al. (2012).Evolution and functional impact of rare coding variation from deep sequencing of human exomes. Science.337,pp.64-69.
Turnbaugh,P.J., Hamady,M., Yatsunenko,T., et al.(2009). A core gut microbiome in obese and lean twins.Nature.457(7228),pp.480–484.
Turnbaugh,P.J., Gordon,J.I.(2008). An invitation to the marriage of metagenomics and metabolomics.Cell.134(5),pp.708–713.
Turnbaugh,P.J., Ley,R.E., Hamady,M., Fraser-Liggett,C.M., Knight,R., Gordon,J.I.(2007). The human microbiome project.Nature.449,pp.804–810.
Wade,W.G.(2013).The oral microbiome in health and disease.Pharmacol Res.69,pp.137–143.
Yarandi, S.S.,Peterson, D.A.,Treisman, G.J.,Moran, T.H.,Pasricha, P.J. (2016). Modulatory effects of gut microbiota on the central nervous system: How the gut could play a role in neuropsychiatric health and disease. J. Neurogastroenterol. Motil. 22,pp.201–212.
Zarco,M.F.,Vess,T.J.,Ginsburg,G.S.(2012). The oral microbiome in health and disease and the potential impact on personalized dental medicine.Oral Dis.18,pp.109–120.