Antibiotic Prescribing Pattern in Primary Care Practice in Federal Territory Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya, Malaysia

Audrey Huili Lim; Shieh Teng Wong; Soon Yew Thian; Wan Yin Tew; Siow Yeh Chiew; Xianhui Lee; Yee Yee Hor

doi:10.31632/ijalsr.2021.v04i04.003

Audrey Huili Lim Centre for Clinical Outcomes Research, Institute for Clinical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia
Shieh Teng Wong Hospital Rehabilitasi Cheras, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Soon Yew Thian Pharmaceutical Services Division, Federal Territory Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya, Jalan Cenderasari, 50590 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Wan Yin Tew Setapak Heatlh Clinic, Federal Territory Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya, Wisma Rampai Blok Pasifik, Jalan 34/26, Taman Sri Rampai, 53300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Siow Yeh Chiew Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Jalan Tanah Putih, 25100 Kuantan, Pahang, India
Xianhui Lee Cheras District Health Office, Aras 3, Klinik Kesihatan Cheras, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Yee Yee Hor Kuala Lumpur Heatlh Clinic, Jalan Fletcher, 53200 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

DOI https://doi.org/10.31632/ijalsr.2021.v04i04.003

Abstract

Introduction: The emerging of antibiotic resistance has become a challenge to global health and there is a strong association between antibiotic consumption and incidence of resistance. One of the tools to monitor and identify antibiotic prescribing pattern is Point Prevalence Survey (PPS). Objectives: To determine the pattern of antibiotic prescribing in Primary Health Clinics (PHC) in Federal Territory Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya (FTKLP). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at 17 PHCs in FTKLP using universal sampling. Data from prescriptions received were recorded in PPS-PC data collection form. The compliance of the antibiotics prescribed were determined via cross-referencing with the Malaysian National Antibiotic Guideline (NAG) 2014 and/or Clinical Pathway for Antimicrobial Stewardship Program in PHCs (CP) 2019. Results: A total of 338 prescriptions with antibiotics were received and the prescribing rate of antibiotics at the PHCs in FTKLP 2019 was 5.94%.Only 128 (37.9%) prescriptions with antibiotics prescribed were compliant with either the NAG or the CP while 33 (9.8%) prescriptions were found non-compliant with either guideline. Compliance of the remaining 177 prescriptions could not be determined due to non-specific diagnoses. The most commonly prescribed drug class was penicillin (n=198, 58.4%), followed by cephalosporins (n=80, 23.6%) and macrolides (n=41, 12%). Conclusion: This PPS study showed a low compliance of antibiotic prescribing to guidelines compared to recent studies and indicate the need for further action to be taken in order to improve antimicrobial prescribing in PHCs.

Keywords: Point prevalence survey, antibiotic, primary care

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