Formulation of Emulgel Preparation Combination of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Seed Oil and Ethanol Extract of Kersen Leaves (Muntingia calabura L.) and Determination of Sunprotection Factor
Abstract
The antioxidant activity of kersen leaf extract in the very strong category makes kersen leaves have potential as a sunscreen because they contain flavonoid and tannin compounds. High antioxidant content is also found in sunflower seed oil because it contains vitamin E, which acts as a sunscreen. To increase the effectiveness of both plants, it was developed into an emulgel preparation that can facilitate the delivery of hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds. This study aims to determine the physical stability of the emulgel preparation and the Sun Protection Factor value of the combined emulgel preparation of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seed oil and kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) leaf extract. This research is a type of experimental laboratory research. Samples were extracted by maceration method, using 96% ethanol solvent and formulated in the form of emulgel preparations with variations in sunflower seed oil concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% and 3% concentrations of kersen leaf extract. Then, physical stability tests were carried out, which included an organoleptic test, a homogeneity test, a pH test, a viscosity test, a spreadability test, an emulsion type test, a cycling test, and the determination of the SPF value of emulgel preparations in vitro. The results stated that all emulgel preparations met the criteria of organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, spreadability, emulsion type, and cycling test, which were physically stable, and based on the results of determining the SPF value, it was shown that the emulgel preparation had activity as a sunscreen with the SPF values F1 6.55, F2 7.15, and F3 7.68.
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