International Journal of Advancement in Life Sciences Research http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal <div align="justify"> <p>International Journal of Advancement in Life Sciences Research (IJALSR) is an international, peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary, and quarterly journal published by Dr Tarak Nath Podder Memorial Foundation, Kolkata, India. IJALSR provides fabulous opening for research personnel, scientists and research scholars in the areas of innovative research and technology.</p> </div> en-US info@ijalsr.org (Dr Tarak Nath Podder Memorial Foundation) info@ijalsr.org (Sandeep Poddar) Thu, 31 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000 OJS 3.1.0.1 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 Herbal Antivenins as an Eye Opener Towards Snake Envenomation http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/379 <p>Snakebites are the most neglected health problem in India. Antivenoms are used in treatment, but since they are mostly unavailable, the mortality rate is even higher in rural areas. The currently available antivenoms are monovalent and polyvalent and are effective against four common snakes in India. In this article, we have reviewed the herbal antivenoms against specific snake species along with their in vitro and in vivo studies and the phytochemicals responsible for antivenom activity. These phytochemicals have been scientifically proven to neutralize the effects of deadly snake venoms and can be used as an adjunct to anti snake venom therapy or can be effectively used to provide proper first aid in snake bite cases to decrease the mortality rates. Studies have been conducted on plant extracts to explore their antivenom activity along with anti myotoxic, anti haemorraghic as well as anti inflammatory activity. These herbs are used ethnopharmacologically by traditional healers for snake envenomations. The review here is a comprehensive approach to the phytochemicals having anti venom activity, however, further studies are needed to gain in-depth knowledge.</p> Vyshnavy Devy D K, S Ruby, M. Kumar, Sajith Kumar P N, Vijayakumar B ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/379 Thu, 31 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Comparability of Wound Healing Activity Between Hepar Sulph and Aloe Vera: A Systematic Review http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/360 <p>Aloe vera, a historic remedy, enhances wound dressings’ therapeutic effects, promoting wound constriction and tissue regeneration. On the other hand, hepar sulph has innovative wound care approaches include dressing for managing chronic leg ulcers, particularly diabetic foot ulcers, with minimal side effects. This review study aims to compare the effectiveness of hepar sulph and aloe vera in wound healing activity. Articles were searched from different search engines by using the keywords.&nbsp; ‘hepar sulph’, ‘aloe vera’, ‘wound healing activity’, ‘prevention’. Our main inclusion criteria were we choose only human study. Thirteen articles are selected from a total of 58 articles. From this review it is concluded that both aloe vera and hepar sulph accomplish their goals in distinct ways.</p> Dede Nur Aziz Muslim, Faridah Binti Mohd Said, Nisha Nambiar ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/360 Thu, 31 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Sustainable Impact of Health Education Minimizing Smoking Habit Among Adolescent: A Retrospective Study Focusing on Indonesian Students http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/337 <p>Smoking is associated with increased mortality, especially in adolescence, it is seen as a serious public health issue globally. Smoking rates are alarmingly high, especially among 15-year-olds. Adolescent smoking is a major threat to public health in many low- and middle-income countries as well as Indonesia. The aim of this review to find out the different perspective of health education on adolescent smoking in worldwide as well as in Indonesia. Adolescent tobacco use in Indonesia was linked to both sociodemographic and behavioral factors, such as having friends, peers, parents, siblings who were smokers, family dynamics, accessibility, availability, and affordability of tobacco products, social factors, and cigarette advertising. Sociodemographic factors included age, sex, family structure, pocket money, parents' education, attitude, positive perception of the mental health effects of tobacco consumption, and belief that smoking was functional. In this review it is established that education programs provide teenagers with the necessary knowledge to make educated choices and embrace healthier lives by increasing their awareness of the negative impacts of smoking.</p> Frida Lina Br Tarigan, Ivan Elisabeth Purba, Donal Nababan, Daniel Ginting ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/337 Thu, 31 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Unveiling Eco-Friendly Solutions: A Comprehensive Review on Leveraging Mechanism-Based Pathways for Sustainable Mitigation of Pesticide Metabolite Contamination and Enhanced Public Health http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/333 <p>The harmful consequences of several pesticides, such as Benzene Hexachloride (BHC), chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin and atrazine on the environment and human health are examined in this study. Through a variety of exposure pathways, these pesticides carry concerns including neurotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and reproductive problems. Even though traditional degrading methods like fire and hydrolysis exist, their usefulness is limited and they may produce hazardous materials. Alternative methods, such as bacteria-mediated remediation, have the potential to efficiently and sustainably break down pesticides. Pesticides can be converted into non-toxic chemicals by the enzymes and metabolic pathways found in bacterial species such as <em>Sphingomonas sp</em>., <em>Clostridium</em> sp. and <em>Pseudomonas</em> sp. BHC degradation is aided by enzymes like LinA and LinB, whereas the breakdown of chlorpyrifos is mediated by organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) and methyl parathion hydrolase (MPH). <em>Pseudomonas alcaligenes</em> and <em>Bacillus thuringiensis</em> SG4 are effective at breaking down cypermethrin and break down atrazine using enzymes such AtzA, AtzB, and AtzC. This work highlights the potential of bioremediation to mitigate pesticide pollution and provides ecologically friendly alternatives for sustainable farming practices and ecosystem preservation by providing an understanding of bacterial mechanisms.</p> Soumita Maji, Debalina Samanta, Sandhimita Mondal ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/333 Thu, 31 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Application of Smart Electronics in the Prevention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Children http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/310 <p>The most common cause of impairment is neurological or brain disorders throughout the world, as well as in developed market economies, where they also rank first in terms of disease burden. Some brain diseases, like stroke and suicide, can also lead to death. However, it is their devastating impact on communities and economies that is mainly caused by their being severely debilitating. But mainly, they are so crippling because they affect thinking, feeling, and behavior—the mind itself; therefore, mental health problems not only bring distress and suffering to individuals and families but interfere with children’s learning at school or adults’ ability to work, which may even lead to the total inability of self-care when severe occurs. Negative behavioral difficulties are common after the start of neurodevelopmental disorders and have a long-term influence on the affected children, particularly their social development level. Children's social development behavior has been found to mature spontaneously throughout time because of cognitive therapy interventions. This study conducted a meta-analysis to offer a statistical summary of the existing information on social development and behavioral changes following cognitive treatment in children with neurodevelopmental problems.</p> Ankit Ghosh, Debolina Samanta, Shirsa Ray, Anuradha Roy, Tamalika Chakraborty ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/310 Thu, 31 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Evaluation of New Degradation Products Formed Under Stress Conditions of Betrixaban by LCMS/MS: Establishment of HPLC Method for Quantification of Genotoxic Impurities of Betrixaban http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/255 <p>This study focused to optimize an accurate HPLC method for evaluation of genotoxic impurities of Betrixaban and further structural identification of forced degradation products (DPs) of betrixaban. The analytes were resolved on Zorbax SB C18 (4.6×250mm, 5μm, Agilent) column at 35°C temperature using 75 % aqueous ammonium formate (5 mM) and 50 % ammonium formate in acetonitrile in 60:40 (v/v) in isocratic elution at 1.0 mL/min and 245 nm as detection wavelength. In the optimized experimental conditions, the retention times of the analytes were precisely determined, resulting in retention times of 10.30 min for betrixaban, 3.77 min for the 2-amino impurity, 7.79 min for the 2-nitro impurity, and 13.55 min for the 4-cyanobenzamido impurity, all exhibiting acceptable system suitability and specificity. The method demonstrated excellent sensitivity, capable of detecting impurities up to 0.009 µg/mL, with 25-150 µg/mL calibration range for betrixaban and 0.025-0.15 µg/mL for impurities. Notably, all parameters studied during the validation process exhibited results within permissible limits for both betrixaban and its impurities, affirming the robustness and reliability of the analytical method. The drug underwent exposure to various stress-inducing conditions following the guidelines outlined in ICH Q1A (R2).The stress-induced DPs were identified using LCMS/MS in ESI positive mode. By comparing their collision-induced dissociation mass spectral data with that of betrixaban, potential structures for four of DPs were proposed. The results of other validation studies were also agreeable, confirming their adequacy for the routine analysis of betrixaban and its genotoxic impurities in both bulk drug and formulations. Additionally, these validated methods can be utilized to investigate the mechanisms underlying the stress-induced degradation of betrixaban.</p> Venkateswara Rao Anna, V. K. Rohini, K. Hemabala, Bhagya Kumar Tatavarti, Vijaya N. ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/255 Thu, 31 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Application Effectiveness of Breathing Training Devices in Postoperative Patients with Lung Cancer http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/269 <p><strong>Objective:</strong> This study aims to investigate the application effectiveness of a self-developed portable lung function respiratory training device in rehabilitation training for elderly lung cancer patients after surgery. <strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 100 patients diagnosed with lung cancer and undergoing lung resection surgery between 2022 and 2023 in three tertiary hospitals in Hainan Province, China, were randomly divided into control and research groups. Patients in the control group underwent traditional respiratory muscle rehabilitation training, while patients in the research group used the self-developed portable lung function respiratory training device in addition to traditional respiratory muscle rehabilitation training. The first-second forced expiratory volume (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were compared between the two groups. <strong>Results:</strong> On the 7th day postoperatively, there was a statistically significant difference in both FEV1 and FVC between the experimental and control groups (P &lt; 0.05). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The application of the self-developed portable lung function respiratory training device in rehabilitation training for lung cancer patients after surgery effectively improves pulmonary function indices, enhances respiratory muscle strength, and promotes postoperative lung function recovery.</p> Na Lu, Wang Yijin, Zhang Wenxin, Farra Aidah Jumuddin ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/269 Thu, 31 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Advanced Medicinal Plant Recognition with Convolutional Neural Networks http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/325 <p>In the realm of herbal medicine, Precise recognition of medicinal plants is essential for unlocking their therapeutic benefits. To fully utilize the curative potential of medicinal plants, precise identification is essential in the domain of medicine. Traditional methods often rely on visual cues from leaves, but the deceptive similarities and variable characteristics pose challenges. To overcome these hurdles, this work introduces an innovative approach utilizing deep learning models like VGG16, RESNET50 and Inception. By focusing on the intricate features of plant leaves, our model aims to accurately distinguish between medicinal and others plants. Drawing upon the complex features of plant leaves, our model is able to identify medicinal plants with greater accuracy than existing approaches. Leveraging advanced neural network architectures, this work seeks to provide a reliable solution for medical practitioners, herbalists, and researchers, bridging traditional knowledge with modern technology to enhance the precision of medicinal plant identification.</p> T. Sri Lakshmi, Yalanati Ayyappa, Vipparla Aruna, Deevi Radha Rani, P Mary Kamala Kumari, S. Phani Praveen ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/325 Thu, 31 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Assessment of Prevalence, Determinants and Management of Potential Antidiabetic Drug Interactions Altering Glycemic Control in Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus- A Cross-Sectional Analysis. http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/343 <p>Patients diagnosed with type II diabetes mellitus are often prescribed multiple medications to achieve glycemic target and to treat the co-morbidities. In these patients, polypharmacy eventually leads to potential drug-drug interactions (pDDI) and adverse outcomes. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of pDDIs altering glycemic control, its determinants, and its management. A cross-sectional investigation was carried out using the medical records of individuals diagnosed with type II diabetes mellitus. Demographic characteristics, medical history, and medications prescribed were obtained from the patient records. The Lexi-Interact<sup>® </sup>online database was utilised to identify the pDDI. Out of the 101 diabetic patients included, 68% of patients had at least 1 pDDI. A total of 375 drug-drug interactions and 107 pairs of interacting drugs altering the glycemic control were identified. 71.9% drug-drug interaction could lead to hypoglycemic episodes, and 28% drug-drug interaction could cause hyperglycemia-like symptoms. Most of the interactions were moderate interactions (89%) belonging to category C, followed by minor interactions (11%). The antidiabetic drug with the maximum number of interactions was metformin (51%). Female patients, presence of co-morbidities, duration of hospitalisation, and medication count per patient were found to have significant associations with the occurrence of pDDI. Screening of prescriptions by a clinical pharmacist can guide the physicians on avoiding drug combinations causing adverse outcomes in diabetic patients.</p> Vini Pavithran, Balachandran Pandiyan, Sajeeth Chadappully Ismail, Athiappan Hariharan ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/343 Thu, 31 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Antioxidant Potential, Nutrition, and Metabolomic Analysis of the Amino Acid Content of Infant Formula Milk for 7–12 Months and Predicted Benefits in Indonesia http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/412 <p>The research aims to analyze the calcium (Ca), protein, and various amino acids contained in various samples of formula milk in circulation and given to babies as an alternative or additional nutrition. Samples of formula milk aged 7–12 months used in the research were of 4 types, coded A, B, C, and D. Calcium (Ca) content analysis was used using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) instrument; total protein was determined using the Kjeldahl method; and metabolomic analysis of amino acids were determined using a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) instrument. The calcium content of milk samples was 4.38 ± 0.03 mg/g (code A), 4.63 ± 0.03 mg/g (code B), 4.92 ± 0.08 mg/g (code C), and 5.48 ± 0.06 mg/g (code D); total protein content was 0.50 ± 0.01 mg/g (code A), 0.50 ± 0.03 mg/g (code B), 0.51 ± 0.01 mg/g (code C), and 0.75 ± 0.00 mg/g (code D); as well as the metabolomic of amino acid content contained in milk samples with code B (15 types), code D (13 types), and codes A and C have the same number of amino acid types (9 types).The research sample formula for milk contains important nutrients, including calcium, protein, and various metabolomic amino acids, which are important for the growth and development of babies aged 7–12 months.</p> Mastiur Julianti Butar-Butar, Indah Yani Br. Tambunan, Esther Siringo-Ringo, Rini Febrianti, Kasta Gurning ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/412 Thu, 31 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Antioxidant and SPF Activity of Sunscreen Cream Preparations from 96% Ethanol Extract of Bractea Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/415 <p>Bractea <em>Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd</em> contains antioxidants which are used to brighten and moisturize the skin. Antioxidants can delay and prevent free radicals in the skin.&nbsp; The aim of this research is to make sunscreen cream preparations from 96% ethanol extract of Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd bractea ethanol extract with good physical quality, determine antioxidant activity and value. <em>Sun Protection Factor (SPF) </em>and testing the stability of sunscreen cream preparations. Testing antioxidant activity uses the DPPH Free Radical Reduction method, while determining the SPF value using <em>in vitro </em>using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results of the research show that 96% ethanol extract of Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd bractea ethanol extract can be made into a cream that has good physical quality.&nbsp; Antioxidant activity of 1.5% ethanol extract (F3) bractea cream <em>Bougainvillea spectabilis&nbsp; </em>Willd with IC value<sub>50 </sub>amounting to 10.48 ± 3.92 (very strong category) has higher antioxidants compared to 0.5% ethanol extract cream (F1) has IC<sub>50 </sub>26,62 ± 6,73 (very strong category) and 1,0% ethanol extract cream (F2) has IC<sub>50 </sub>26.15 ± 3.22 (very strong category), compared to the positive control lower vitamin C cream 0.5% has IC<sub>50 </sub>6.95 ± 0.51 (very strong category). Sunscreen activity of 96% ethanol extract <em>Bougainvillea spectabilis&nbsp;&nbsp; </em>Willd Formula F3 has an SPF value of 21.22 ± 1.58 (ultra protection category) and has higher sunscreen activity than F1 with an SPF value of 12.48 ± 0.05 (minimal protection category) and F2 with an SPF value of 16.69 ± 0. 21 (ultra protection category) and positive control PABA2% cream SPF value 6.95 ± 0.51 (extra protection category).</p> Ni Nyoman Yuliani, Siswandono ., Tristiana Erawati, Elisma ., Jefrin Sambara, Lely A. V. Kapitan, Maria I. M. Indrawati, Yorida F Maakh ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/415 Thu, 31 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000 CaP Scaffold Loaded with Multi-Functional Gel for Bone Repair after Resection of Osteosarcoma http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/395 <p><strong>Introduction</strong>: Osteosarcoma resection in clinical settings often causes largeosteopenia, and the cancer cells at the site of the lesion easily lead to the recurrence of osteosarcoma. Therefore, the treatment of osteosarcoma should not only induce bone regeneration, and remove tumor cells from the lesion site, but also avoid bacterial infection. <strong>O</strong><strong>bjective:</strong> This study is to develop a multifunctional scaffold that combines chitosan, black phosphorus nanoparticles, and copper ions in a biphasic calcium phosphate matrix to enhance bone regeneration, reduce tumor recurrence, and prevent infections following osteosarcoma surgery. <strong>Methods:</strong> Herein, a Biphasic Calcium Phosphate (BCP) porous scaffold was prepared by the pore-forming agent method, and the mixed gel of chitosan (CS), Black Phosphorus nanoparticles (BP), and Copper ion (Cu<sup>2+</sup>) was filled into the porous scaffold to form a composite scaffold (CS/BP/Cu-BCPs). CS/BP/Cu-BCPs were used to treat large bone defects caused by osteosarcoma. The composite scaffolds contain anticancer, bone promoting and bacteriostatic properties, which are mainly put down to the anticancer properties of BCP and BP, the osteoinductivity of BCP and Cu<sup>2+</sup>, and the antimicrobial effects of CS and Cu<sup>2+</sup>.Cell and antimicrobial tests demonstrated that the extract of CS/BP/Cu-BCPs displayed good biocompatibility, induced osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and inhibited the growth of bacteria. <strong>Results:</strong> <em>In vivo,</em> experiments showed CS/BP/Cu-BCPs had obvious anti-tumor and osteogenic effects. Taken together, the CS/BP/Cu-BCPs prepared in this study possessed good functions such as oncotherapy, bone regeneration, and postoperative anti-infection, and were expected to become a simple therapeutic material for osteosarcoma resection. We investigated the <em>in vitro</em> antibacterial, <em>in vivo</em> osteogenic, and antitumor capabilities of CaP scaffolds loaded with multi-functional gels. Compared with the control group, CaP scaffolds loaded with multi-functional gel showed significant antibacterial, bone-promoting, and anti-tumor effects.<strong> Conclusion: </strong>The contribution of this study was to confirm that CaP scaffolds loaded with multi-functional gels could eliminate osteosarcoma while repairing critical bone defects and have good antibacterial potential. These results suggested that CaP scaffolds loaded with multifunctional gels may be a potential candidate for repairing bone defects caused by osteosarcoma resection.</p> Yun Cao, Nan Yang, Yangyang Zheng, Qiang He, Jiahu Huang, Farra Aidah Jumuddin ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/395 Thu, 31 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Risk Factors for Progression of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection to Hepato Cellular Carcinoma (HCC) http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/348 <p>Chronic Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is closely associated with cirrhosis and with the prospective risk of Hepato-Cellular-Carcinoma (HCC). The long-term duration required for HCV transforming into HCC necessitates thorough study of various co-morbidities associated with HCV patients, some of which may act as predictors of HCC. Present paper reports co-morbidities among HCV patients. This is a hospital-based study. The patients reporting to Outdoor Patient Department (OPD) of Sharda hospital, Greater Noida, UP, India were enrolled for the study. Total number of 134 HCV positive patients were studied for the parameters pertaining to Liver Function Test (LFT), Kidney Function Test (KFT), Complete Blood Count (CBC). Of the 134 patients included in the study 31.34% were smokers and alcoholics and reported to the hospital with complaints of abdominal pain. Few patients (1.49%) presented the evidence of Chronic Liver Disease and/or cirrhosis. Among 61.9% patients high SGOT levels than normal and among 38.8% patients high SGPT levels were observed. Kidney function parameters viz; high levels of chloride are 29.85% of study subjects and higher levels of uric acid was observed in 18.6% of study subjects. In 55.55% of patients low levels of Hb was observed. Our study shows a parallel trend of abnormal parameters in the LFT, KFT and CBC parameters of HCV patients. The important lead is the simultaneous dysfunction of liver and kidney impacting upon haemoglobin which may lead to seriousness of respiratory efficiency caused due to low haemoglobin.</p> Nuzhat Maqbool Peer, Vinod Joshi, Annette Angel, Bennet Angel, Shareef Mohammed Buvvaji ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/348 Thu, 31 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Evaluating the Effects of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius Enzyme Extract on Seed Growth Parameters in Selected Crops Exposed to Treated Textile Dyes and Wastewater http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/355 <p>Dyes and industrial effluents often contain toxic substances that can hinder seed germination and growth by affecting water uptake and nutrient absorption therefore understanding the impact of these pollutants on plants is crucial. The current study aims to test the effects of dye and effluent on the germination and growth of seeds of <em>Vigna radiata, Cicer arientinum</em>, and <em>Triticum aestivum</em>, with and without the addition of crude enzyme from <em>Amorphophallus paeoniifolius. </em>The study focuses on four key parameters i.e. germination percentage, root length and shoot length, vigour index, fresh and dry weight of seed. Crude enzyme from <em>A. paeoniifolius </em>positively impacts seed germination, boost seedling development (Shoot and Root lengths) and (fresh and dry weight) of <em>Vigna radiata, Cicer arientinum</em>, and <em>Triticum aestivum</em>. Untreated seed germination of <em>Vigna radiate </em>was between 40-70%,<em> Cicerarientinum</em> was between 20-70% and <em>Triticum aestivum</em> was 40-60% and after treatment with the enzyme seed germination percentage was increased between 60-90%,50-80 %, 60-90% respectively. Among all three plants<em> Vigna radiata </em>has highest seed germination percentage, maximum shoot length, root length and vigour index when treated with <em>A. paeoniifolius. </em>Therefore, seed germination and seedling development in both monocot and dicot plants concludes that treated water by <em>A. paeoniifolius</em> can be used to meet the water requirements for irrigation purpose but further studies are needed to test toxicity impacts under natural soil environment and on human through food chain.</p> Anjali ., Anuradha Singh ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/355 Thu, 31 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Effectiveness of Progesterone Treatment Among Pregnant Women in A Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/358 <p>Progesterone is essential for the maintenance of pregnancy. Threatened abortion and recurrent miscarriage are the common complications of pregnancy. This study conducted to determine the effectiveness of progesterone supplementation in preventing miscarriage in cases of threatened abortion and recurrent miscarriages, aiming to extend pregnancy beyond 24 weeks in these women. The objectives of this study are to identify the number of pregnant women treated with progesterone, to know the choice of progesterone formulation prescribed for threatened abortion and previous history of miscarriage, and to determine the effectiveness of progesterone treatment among patients with threatened abortion and previous history of miscarriage. The results showed that a total of 107 cases were treated with progesterone, Among the majority of the cases were threatened abortion cases 50 (46.42%), followed by previous history of miscarriage cases 26 (24.29%), previous history of preterm birth cases 15 (14%), primi gravida cases 12 (11.21%) and short cervix cases 4 (3.7%). The outcome of this study determines that, out of 50 (46.42%) threatened abortion cases, 46(92%) women successfully continued their pregnancies to proceed beyond 24 weeks, and 4(8%) cases got abortion. Among 26 (24.29%) previous history of miscarriage cases 25 (96.1%) women successfully continued their pregnancies and 1(3.8%) got an abortion. It also demonstrates the rate of abortion was reduced in women treated with progesterone supplementation.</p> Rajan Ethiraj Ugandar, J. Karthiki, Tati Reddy Navyasree, G. Swetha, D. Nagalakshmi, D. Tejavathi, D. Haseena ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 http://ijalsr.org/index.php/journal/article/view/358 Thu, 31 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000